Multicultural Calendar - December 2008
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December 2:

World AIDS Day (UN) - A day designated by the United Nations and the World Health Organization to increase awareness about AIDS in the world.

December 5:

Discovery Day (Haiti) - Commemorates the discovery of Haiti by Christopher Columbus in 1492.

December 6:

St. Nicholas Day (International) - Celebrates the life of St. Nicholas the Bishop. He is from Turkey and known for his generosity. Many European countries exchange gifts with loved ones on this day instead of Christmas.

December 7:

Earthquake Victims’ Memorial Day (Armenia) - This day serves as a memorial to the 55,000 people killed in the 1988 earthquake in Armenia.

December 9:

Eid ul-Adha (Islamic) - This is the second in the series of Eid festivals that Muslims celebrate. It is celebrated by Muslims all over the world as a tribute to those who are completing their pilgrimage in Mecca on that day.

December 12:

Chanukah or Hanukkah (Jewish) - This is the last day of the eight-day festival.

December 13:

Luciadagen - St. Lucia’s Day (Sweden) - Also known as the "Queen of Light." A candlestick parade takes place in her honor.

December 15:

Navidades (Puerto Rico) - Marks the beginning of Christmas season and ends with Three Kings Day, January 6.

December 16:

Victory Day (Bangladesh) - The day Bangladesh gained independence from Pakistan.

Posadas (Mexico) - A nine-day celebration throughout Mexico commemorating the search by Mary and Joseph for shelter.

December 20:

Eid ul-Adha (Islamic) - The second in the series of Eid festivals that Muslims celebrate. It is also referred to as the "Big Bayram" (from Turkish) or "Big Feast". Eid ul-Adha is celebrated by Muslims all over the world as a tribute to those who are completing their pilgrimage in Mecca on that day.

December 21:

Chanukah or Hanukkah (Jewish) - An eight-day festival marked by the kindling of lights on a candle stand called a menorah. *Begins at sundown of previous day. Hanukkah is a Hebrew word meaning "dedication."

December 24:

Independence Day (Libya) - Gained independence from Italy on this day in 1951.

Wigilia (Poland) - The eve of Christmas, celebrated with elaborate Polish dishes.

December 25:

Christmas (Christian) - A celebration of the birth of Jesus. Also celebrated as a secular holiday where large family feasts occur and gifts are exchanged.

December 26:

Kwanzaa (African American) - Invented in 1966 by Dr. Maulana Karenga during the Black Freedom Movement of the 1960s.

It is a cultural holiday based on the first harvest celebrations widely practiced in Africa. Each of the seven days of Kwanzaa symbolizes one of the Seven Principles: unity, self-determination, collective work and responsibility, cooperative economics, purpose, creativity and faith. (Learn more.)

Junanoo or Jonkonnu (Caribbean) - A dancing parade that combines ancient African rituals with a Mardi Gras style. It begins in the predawn hours and lasts until sunrise.

Boxing Day (Canada, Bahamas) - Celebrated with variation according to location (Jamaica, UK), the origins of this holiday are uncertain. One common variation is that it is the day the servants are given gifts after spending Christmas waiting on their employers and their guests. Another variation believes that this was the day that priests opened collection boxes and distributed the money to the poor.

Wren Day (Ireland) - On this day, boys in wren costumes go house to house with a captured wren, singing songs and gathering coins. These coins help to pay for a big celebratory feast in the evening.

December 29:

Chanukah or Hanukkah (Jewish) - This is the last day of the eight-day festival.

December 30:

Rizal Day (Philippines) - Commemorates the 1896 death of Jose Mercado Rizal, a Philippine doctor and author whose books denounced the Spanish administration.

December 31:

Hogmanay (Scotland) - The name given to the Scottish New Year, the celebration of hogmanay dates back to pagan times when people burned fires in the depth of winter to ward off evil spirits.

Omisoka (Japan) - To usher in the new year, families clean their homes and eat toshi-koshi buckwheat noodles in the hope that one’s life will be stretched out as long as the noodles.

New Year’s Eve (International) -The day before the ushering in of a new year.

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Angela Cabrera Jones is a
Senior Creative Services Designer in Richmond, Va.

(Click image to enlarge)

Spotlight: Angela Cabrera Jones, Cuba

Cuba, Angela Cabrera Jones’ ancestral homeland, has just about everything a person could want – a tropical climate, natural beauty and an abundance of seafood and tropical fruit. However, Cuba’s oppressive government forced Jones’ freedom-seeking parents to flee Cuba for the United States at a time when immigration was still possible.

“Apart from the terrible political situation, it’s a lovely area,” says Jones, Senior Creative Services Designer, OJRP.

Born in Miami, she is a daughter of Cuban immigrant parents who became naturalized American citizens. Less-fortunate relatives who left much later were forced to come as refugees, often through the sponsorship of a local church.

“A love of life, with family as the basis,” is hallmark of Cuban culture, Jones says. “That culture also celebrates the joy of living in the present, as spoken by poets, composers of wonderful music about tropical nights and sun-bathed beaches with lush fruit growing freely, and surrounded by an incredible variety and abundance of seafood in its waters.”

Jones says that island living has been strongly influenced by the American work ethic, Spanish and African heritage and Caribbean abundance. Education and a desire to improve one’s life pushed the middle class to leave Cuba and to move elsewhere to avoid Cuban leader Fidel Castro’s oppressive regime.

Jones’ family briefly returned to Cuba, where she attended kindergarten. She completed her education in the United States, spending a year in Spain, between high school and college.

Music plays a major role in Cuban culture, Jones says. “In its complex and syncopated beats, Cuban music combines European dance melodies, African rhythms and native folk influences.” she says. “Today, Salsa and Creole jazz, are well-known, suitable for dances such as the Meringue, Rumba and Mambo. Flutes, congas, violins, brass, bongos, timbales and maracas, join with other stringed and keyboard instruments to make a unique sound.”

Cuban culture shares some aspects with other Hispanic cultures, such as celebrating Quinceañera, a “Sweet 15” birthday party, Jones says. “Whether lavish or simple, the party celebrates a young girl’s coming of age into womanhood.

A major holiday that Cuba shares with other Spanish-speaking countries is the 12th Day of Christmas, el Día de Los Reyes, (Three Kings Day, or Epiphany). This occurs on January 6 and it commemorates the Three Kings’ visit to the newly born Christ Child.

“Gifts are exchanged then and children are told to set their shoes by the side of the bed the night before,” she says. If the children have been good, there will be treats of candy or fruit or small gifts in their shoes by morning, but if they have been bad, there could be coal or switches.”

“Even as refugees, Cubans have made good use of the opportunities offered in the United States, in order to better themselves and give back to the society that has received them so generously,” Jones says.

“Cuban-Americans are very appreciative of these freedoms, becoming informed, productive and vocal citizens once naturalized,” she says. “An entrepreneurial enthusiasm has led to economic success in the States, as the Cuban culture has assimilated and yet kept its identity, contributing another ingredient to America’s melting pot.” •


Cultural Holiday Celebrations

When the end of the year rolls around, there are plenty of celebrations, including Christmas, Kwanzaa and Hanukkah.

Each holiday has its own special meaning and is recognized in different ways all over the world. Such celebrations are usually marked by symbols that represent the beliefs and traditions of the cultures.

Christians, who celebrate Christmas on Dec. 25, have holiday symbols such as Christmas trees and wreaths that adorn homes and buildings. A simple star is a known symbol linked to the celebration of the birth of Christ. The wise men followed the Star of the East to where Jesus slept in a manger.
Santa Claus, a non-religious symbol of Christmas, is known as a jolly old man who brings toys and gifts to children all over the world. Santa is actually a combination of many legends and mythical creatures over time. Because of this, different countries have their own versions of the holiday figure, who is also known as Father Christmas and St. Nicholas.

Kwanzaa — a celebration that allows African-Americans to acknowledge their commitment to themselves, their families, communities and equality — is commemorated Dec. 26 through Jan. 1. The celebration focuses on a different principle each day. The principles range from unity to collective work and responsibility. The mishumaa saba (seven candles) stand for the Seven Principles. The placement of the mishumaa saba (candles) in the kinara is as follows: Black, for the color of African peoples everywhere, is located in the center.

Three red candles that represent the blood of the ancestors are placed to the left. Three green candles that symbolize the earth, life, and the ideas and promise of the future, are placed to the right.

Beginning December 26 with the black mushumaa, a different candle is lit for each day, alternating from left to right. After the candlelighting, the principle of the day is discussed.

The eight days of Hanukkah begin this year on Dec. 4 at sundown. Hanukkah celebrates the Jews' fight for religious freedom with a menorah or candelabrum. During a ceremony to restore the contaminated Temple after the battle between Jews and Syrian Greeks, pure oil had to be used. There was enough oil for only one day; therefore, it was considered a miracle when the oil burned for eight days.

As a result, Jews use the menorah as a reminder of that encounter by lighting a new candle each night, in addition to the one lit the previous night.

The menorah is to be placed in a window to show and remind the world of the miracle that occurred thousands of years ago. •

 
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